重点难点提示
1. AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body's immune system and leaves a person defenseless against infections and illnesses.
　艾滋病是一种破坏人的免疫系统使人体对感染及疾病没有抵抗力的疾病。
　（1）break down
　　1）后面可以接宾语：搞坏，搞垮，分解等
　　　By helpful kindness the teacher broke down the new girl's shyness.
　　　老师的善意帮助使那新来的女生克服了害羞。
　　　SARS could also break down the patient's immune system.
　　　非典也会破坏病人的免疫系统。
　　　The policeman broke down the demonstration against the government.
　　　警察镇压了反政府示威。
　　　Water can be broken down into H and O.　水能分解成氢和氧。
　　2）后面不接宾语：中断，坏了
　　　Twice his computer broke down.　他的电脑坏了两次。
　　　The peace talks have broken down.　和平谈判失败了。
　　　His health broke down.　他的健康/身体垮了。
　　　As she was singing she suddenly broke down.　她唱着唱着突然停了下来。
　（2）leave带宾补的用法，意为，让（……继续处于某种状态）：
　　　Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered.（过去分词）
　　　如果你的问题我还没有回答的，请原谅了。
　　　The papers were left ying around.（现在分词） 文件被扔得到处都是。
　　　His illness left him weak.（形容词） 他的病使他很虚弱。
　　　When Tom went sick, they left Jack in charge.（介词短语）当汤姆病了的时候，他们让杰克负责。
　　　You've left her name off the list.（介词短语） 你已经把她的名字从名单上去掉了。

2. Most people who have AIDS manage to survive only a few years after they get the disease.
　大多数艾滋病患者在得病后只能活上几年。
　（1）manage to survive指存活。manage to do意为：设法做成……
　　同义的还有succeed in doing/be able to do。试看以下例子：
　　The room was very dirty, but he managed to clean it.
　　The room was very dirty, but he was able to clean it.
　　The room was very dirty, but he succeeded in cleaning it.
　　这房间很脏，但他把它打扫干净了。
　（2）比较：
　　He tried to clean the dirty room but in vain.　他想要打扫干净这个脏屋，但是白费力气。
　　He could clean the dirty room, but wasn't willing to. 他能打扫干净这个脏屋，但不愿意干。
　（3） persuade与advise也有类同的比较：
　　She persuaded her father to give up smoking.　她劝父亲戒了烟。
　　She advised her father to give up moking, but failed. 她劝父亲戒烟，但没成功。
　　(She tried to persuade her father to give up smoking, but failed.)

3. The disease is spreading fast in Africa and parts of Asia, mainly because of a lack of proper health care, prevention and education.
　由于缺乏适当的医疗，预防与教育，艾滋病在非洲和亚洲部分地区传播得很快。
（1）lack缺乏，作动词时一般不用被动式：
　　I lacked the courage to do it.　我缺乏做这事的勇气。
　　He always lacks money.　他老是缺钱花。
　　Jane lacks an inch of being six feet tall.　珍妮差一英寸就六英尺高了。
　1）否定句常用lack for
　　She doesn't lack for friends.
　2）be lacking in　缺乏某种特点，只能……
　　She was lacking in wisdom.　她不够聪明。
　　He seemed to be lacking in common sense.　他似乎缺乏常识。
　　A diet lacking in protein will not keep a person healthy.　缺乏蛋白质的饮食不利于健康。
　3）作名词：
　　There has been a great lack of electricity this summer.　今年夏季，电的缺口很大。
　　Most peasants don't know how to maintain their own rights because of (a) lack of education.
　　大多数农民因缺乏教育不懂维护自己的权利。
（2）比较同义语short adj.与shortage n.的用法：
　　I said that the firm was short of men.　我说这公司缺人手。
　　We were short of money then.　那时我们很缺钱。
　　We have run short of food.　我们食物已经短缺了。
　　There is a shortage of grain because of poor crops.　收成不好粮食紧缺。
　　A water shortage even exists in "so called water towns" such as Suzhou and Shanghai.
　　甚至象苏州、上海那样的“水乡”也存在水资源缺乏的问题。

4. People transmit HIV by having unprotected sex...
　　transmit...by doing sth. 表“通过……传播疾病”。
　　People may transmit SARS by staying close to each other.
　　人们之间的密切接触可能会传播非典型性肺炎。

5. The disease is not the only thing that AIDS patients suffer from.
　病痛并不是艾滋病患者唯一的痛苦。
　　　suffer from：
（1）suffer一般作vi.解，常与from连用，意为受苦，患病。
　　The crops suffered from the flood.　庄稼遭到了水灾。
　　I suffer a lot from lack of rest.　我深受休息不足的痛苦。
　　She suffered from SARS last year.　她去年患上了非典。
　　He suffered terribly when his mother died.　当他母亲去世时，他非常痛苦。
（2）有时作遭到不好的事情解释时也可作vt.：
　　The enemy has suffered a sharp defeat.　敌人遭到惨败。
　　He suffered (from) no pain.　他不觉痛苦。
　　She has suffered no inconveniences of any kind.　她没有遇到任何不便。

6. My life may have to be short.　我的生命也许一定很短暂。
　比较：He must be brave.　他一定很勇敢。
　　He may have to be brave.　他也许一定很勇敢。
　　must不能与其他助动词连用而have to能，又例：
　　You will have to pass the exam before entering the school.
　　你进这学校前必须通过考试。
　　He may have to walk there because he has no money for the bus.
　　因为他没有钱坐公共汽车，他也许只好步行到那儿去。

7. I now feel as if that was when my life really began.
　我现在觉得那天好象是我人生真正的开始。
　　这里when my life really began是名词性从句，无疑问色彩，等于：
　　the day/time when my life really began

8. Living with cancer has made me realize how precious life is and how important it is for us to take every chance to live life to the fullest.
　患癌症让我认识到生命的珍贵，以及抓住一切机会充实生活是何等重要。
（1）take chance的用法有：
　1）利用机会
　　Please take every chance to improve your English. 请利用一切机会来提高你的英语成绩。
　2）碰运气
　　We can't take chances; we should be well prepared. 我们不能碰运气,我们应做好充分准备。
（2）to the fullest　表示“达到最大程度”。
　　I should help her to the fullest.　我应尽最大能力帮助她。