一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
关于形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法，应注意以下具体问题：
1．表示倍数的三个句型：
①...times as＋形容词原级＋as...，例如：This table is 3 times as big as that one.
②...times the＋性质名词＋of...，例如：This table is 3 times the size of that one.
③...times＋形容词比较级＋than...，例如：This table is 3 times bigger than that one.
另请注意下面这两种说法：
　　The output of cars in 2003 is 6 times that of 2000.
　　The output of cars in 2003 is 6 times what it was in 2000.
2．同程度级的比较，用as...as, the same as, such...as 引导：
　　Henry is as good a worker as Peter（is）.
　　＝Henry is such a good worker as Peter （is）.
　　Henry does not have so／as many books as I have. 亨利的书没有我的那么多。
　　His name is the same as his father's（name）.
3．表示比例的句型：
　　the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...
　　The more you talked, the less attention he paid to you. 你说的越多，他越不注意听你讲。
　　The longer you stay, the better（it will be）. 你呆的时间越长越好。
4．比较级＋and＋比较级，表示越来越……
　　The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.
5．the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词：
　　The taller of the two boys is my brother.
6．用介词by表示相差的程度：
　　She is taller than I by three inches. 她比我高3英寸。
　　I missed the last train by one minute. 最后一趟火车，我差一分钟没赶上。
7．一个人的两种性质的比较，用more...than 结构：
　　－Ann acts quite unfriendly.
　　－I think she's more shy than unfriendly. 与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。
8．否定＋比较级＝最高级：
　　There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. 为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。
　　He has never spent a more worrying day. 他过了最担心的一天。
9．修饰比较级的修饰语常见的有：
　　rather, much, still, even, far, any（用于否定句或疑问句）, a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit, three times等，例如：
　　The students study even harder than before.
　　A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.
　　修饰最高级的有序数词，by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, not quite, nothing like。例如：
　　The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River．
　　目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。
　　I'd like to buy the second most expensive camera．
　　我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。
10．无比较级、最高级的形容词和副词常见的有：
（1）表示比较、特殊意义的：comparative（ly）, relative（ly）, particular（ly）, special（ly）
（2）表示绝对意义的：absolute（ly）, unexpected（ly）史无前例的（地），entire（ly）, excellent（ly）, perfect（ly）, total（ly）, thorough（ly）, whole（wholly）, complete（ly）
（3）表示大小、极限、主观、上下等意义的：extreme（ly）, main, major, minor, chief（ly）, senior, junior
（4）表示性质特征的：economic, scientific, wooden, earthen, golden, woolen
（5）表示独一无二的、形状的、强调的：only, matchless, single, round, square, level（水平的）, very（正是的）, own, favourite, simply, hardly, scarcely

二、形容词作定语后置的几种情况
1．当形容词修饰不定代词one, no, any, some和every构成的复合词，如：something, anything, nothing时。例如：
　　－Is there anything new in today's newspaper？
　　－No, nothing new.
　　I have something important to tell you.
2．当“形容词＋介词／不定式”构成的短语作定语时。如：
　　The man carried a bag full of rice on his back.
　　The teacher asked me a question too difficult to answer.
3．当两个意义相反的形容向用“both... and...”；and, or或so连接在一起作定语时。如：
　　The students were required to see a film both interesting and instructive.
　　People in the village, young and old, men and women are fond of singing and dancing.
　　The enemy took away everything, useful or useless.
4．当old, long, high, wide, deep等词附有数量词短语作定语时。如：
　　At that time she was only a girl five years old.
　　The peasants dug a well about fifty metres deep.

三、表语形容词
　　有些形容词只作表语，而通常不作前置定语。常见的表语形容词有：afraid, alone, awake, asleep, alive, alike, ashamed, afloat, well, sorry, unable, worth, sure等。如：The boy is still asleep.
The old man was alone in the house．
注：
1．上述形容词可以作补语。如：We found the snake still alive.
2．但 afraid, alive, alone, awake等可以用作后置定语。例如：
　He is the greatest poet alive. 他是尚健在的最伟大的诗人。
　He came out like a man afraid. 他像一个害怕的人似的走了出来。
　Tom was the only boy awake at that time. 汤姆是那时醒着的唯一的男孩。
3．以字母a开头的形容词不可直接用very来修饰。如：
　 very much alone 非常孤单的　　　　　fast asleep熟睡的　　　　　wide awake十分清醒的
　 very much afraid很害怕的　　　　　　greatly ashamed非常害羞的
4．以字母a开头的形容词本身带有副词来修饰时，可以用作前置定语。如：
　the fast asleep boy 熟睡的男孩
　the wide awake soldiers 十分清醒的士兵
　a somewhat afraid soldier 一个有些害怕的战士
　a very ashamed girl 一个非常害羞的姑娘

四、两种形式的副词
　　有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀“-ly”。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不大相同，应加以分辨。
常见的有：

说明：有些副词与形容词的词形完全相同。换言之，有些词同时兼有形容词和副词两种词性。常见的有：early, straight, slow, enough, fast, hard, long, firm等。