一、书面表达题的主要特征
1. 形式特点
历届高考书面表达题都是提示作文，即通过图画、表格、要点提示等限定内容、人称、时态等情景内容，要求考生完成100词左右的短文。从命题的方式看，其方式有短文提示、提纳要点提示、图画提示以及图表提示等。
2. 题材特点
1）贴近现实生活。如写减负带来的变化，有关公园是否收门票的讨论等。
2）突出考查考生实际运用语言的能力，现实感强，易于动笔。如写信向朋友介绍学校的变化，想笔友介绍所找住房的情况等。
3. 体裁特点
1）以记叙文、说明文为主，应用文为辅，兼顾其他体裁。
2）图表作文：主要考查构思能力和实际语言表达能力，要求将表格形式和图表形式的信息转化成段落形式的文字信息。其特点是条理清晰，具有可译性；词汇涉及面广，具有一定难度；英汉在表达上存在差异，具有一定干扰性。应以试题所给要点为线索构思作文内容，串联起来组织一篇短文。
3）图画作文：特点是形象、直观、内容具体，且在图画的前面一般还有文字说明。写作时需要注意：确定文章体裁（一般以记叙文或说明文为主），确定人称、时态，发挥想象要合理适度，虚实结合，详略得当。若要求写记叙文，则应抓住记叙文的六要素：时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和过程；若要求写说明文，一般先要把图画联系起来，弄清楚图画的目的、意图；然后进行抽象概括，找出一个说明对象，接着根据图画从时间、过程、步骤等方面加以解释说明；最后进行总结，得出结论。
4）提纲作文：出题形式是给出某种情景和内容要求，请考生根据这一情景及要求写出自己的思想。这类题型的特点是考生可以充分发挥自己的思维想象能力，进而组织自己的语言来表达某种思想。由于这一类试题包括较多的文字说明，容易使作文变成了翻译，因而应灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将试题要求的要点完整地表述出来。
5）开放作文：这一题型类似语文的材料作文，试题给出一定的素材或主题，让考生在此基础上自由创作，不受“文体形式，内容要点”的限制，甚至不受短文字数的限制。做这一类题时，一定要弄清情况和要求，抓住关键词句，进行记叙、解释、说明、议论等。
二、解题策略
1. 以有形或无形的三段式写作
以有形或无形的三段式写作是指写任何文章，都要有开头、展开(Body)，以及结尾。有形则指文章呈显明显的三段式，而无形则指文章呈显一大段，但细读则可感到三段。具体的讲就是：文章开头段则开门见山，比如讲明什么时间，谁干了什么，目的是什么；文章展开段则是写作新概念的关键部分，要用到较多的技巧和手段；结尾段以抒发内心活动为特征。例如：
Dear Bob,
开头[I'm so glad to learn that you're coming in September. I've found
a place for you.] 展开 [It's a small flat of 25 square metres,
with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. In the bedroom there is a
bed, a sofa, a desk and a chair. The rent is 500 yuan per month. The
flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin
Chinese School.
Bus No.11 can take you straight to the school. In fact, it's only one
stop.]
结尾 [Do you think you'd like it? If not, I can try and find another
place for you. Just let me know.]
Yours,
Li Hua
2. 以时间为主线指示事件的发展方向
书面表达多采用叙述文命题。叙述是把人物的经历和事物的发展变化的过程用语言表达出来的一种写作方式。叙述文一般都是按时间顺序的方法铺陈，通过动词和过渡性词语来控制整个事件的进程。例如：
[Today] we visited a farm. [Early in the morning] we met at the school
gate and went there together. The farm workers gave us a warm welcome.
[Then] the head of the farm showed us around. How glad we were to see
the crops and vegetables growing well. [At noon] we had a picnic lunch
in the sunshine. [After a short rest], we had great fun singing and
dancing, telling jokes or stories. Two of us even played a game of chess.
The time passed quickly. [Before we knew it], we had to say goodbye
to the workers.
这种作状语用的副词（尤其是时间副词）、副词短语或副词从句提至句首的作法既是叙述文的写作特点，又容易收到行文连贯且流畅的效果。
3. 用尽可能多样的句式丰富文章的表现力
高考英语书面表达新的评分标准提出“语法结构或词汇方面虽有面虽有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具有较强的语言运用能力。”
此点应引起考生的极大关注。现举实例如下，[ ]黑体部分为核心部分：
（1） I [was walking] along Park Road towards the east [when] an elderly
man came out of the park on the other side of the street.
句式: be doing something when ... 正在做某事就在这时……
表达法: make a right turn 朝右转弯
（2）The car didn't stop but [drove off] at great speed [heading west].
表达法: drive off heading west 高速向西开去
（3）On the other side, [where the playground used to be] now [stands another
new building - our library].
该句含一个由where引导的非限定性的定语从句，在此处插入，令人感到自然、得体，其中还使用了表达法used to be，准确、地道。该句的后半部由一个倒装句组成，在对主语作进一步说明时，使用了破折号，语言既利落，结构又紧凑。
（4）After a short rest, we [had great fun singing] and dancing, telling
jokes or stories.
句式: have fun (in) doing sth
（5）The time passed quickly. [Before] we knew it, we had to say goodbye
to the workers.
使用before译成:“还未来得及……，就”。
（6）My brother was riding [with] me sitting on the seat [behind].
该句使用with结构, 其结构为[with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语]。该结构的情景描述功能十分突出。此外，behind一词用作seat定语的用法也十分轻巧。
（7）There is [sure] to be a lot of fun.
在There is句式中加入be sure to等表达是十分有用的写作技巧，又如：
There happened to be... There seems to be ...
4. 使用好过渡性词语与插入语
过渡性词语是把在意义上相连贯的句子联接在一起的链条，指出作者思维活动发展的方向。 过渡性词语包括：
(1) First, Next, Then, Finally...
(2) thus, therefore, however, in fact, on the contrary, besides, instead
of
(3) first, second, and, but, for, or
(4) what's more, as a result, what is better still, so far as I know
(据我所知)
He is handsome, clever, and what is better still, very diligent. So
far as I know
插入成分包括 however（但是），therefore（因此），indeed（的确），namely（即）等副词，或in fact（其实），in
general（一般来说），in short （简言之），no doubt（无疑）等副词短语。使用时常置于句首，或在其前后要用逗号隔开。例如：
(1) Luckily, we found the right direction with the compass.
(2) Henry, no doubt, will be here.
(3) However, as Aunt Fanny said, they had not asked her advice.
(4) I didn't go out; instead, I stayed home and read.
(5) It is, after all, due to his negligence.
(6) She is, as I have told you before, very fond of collecting stamps.
(7) I am, therefore, very careful when crossing the road.
(8) I loved all around me, I believe, for everybody was kind to me.
(9) He is, to be exact, sixteen years old, and is not old enough to
join the army.
(10) The man, it seems, entered the house by the window.
(11) It was indeed rude, she continued, to have awakened her tired guest.
(12) This boy (who lives on the next street) broke a window.
(13) The day was stormy and, what was worse, it was thundering.
(14) He is, I should think, above fifty.
(15) It was, strictly speaking, my duty; but I fell sick.
5. 以情感类文字烘托文章高潮并产生互动
好的文章应首尾呼应，并能在文章快结束时，适时地发出某些带有情感色彩的评论、总结或感受，起到烘托文章高潮并感染他人作用。
例如：
(1) The time passed quickly. Before we knew it, we had to say goodbye
to the workers.
(2) How I wish ...
(3) If only I could ...
(4) I really hope that ...
三、写作技巧
1. 注意使用连词and
（1）恰如其分地使用连词and容易收到流畅的效果。连词and可以交代连接的双方的相互关系，如并列关系、先后关系、因果关系等。
1)Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together.
→and连接的双方为met和went，既交代了两个动作的先后顺序，又避免了不必要的赘述。
2)How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well.
→and连接的双方为crops和vegetables两个名词。
3)After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling
jokes or stories.
→and连接的双方为singing和dancing两个动名词。
（2）并列连词代替从属连词的特点是让读者自己去补充所连接的两部分间的逻辑联系，根据两部分的思想内容去推论，从而达到思想表达生动、有力和鲜明的修辞效果。
1)We were leaving the farm, and every farm worker seemed sorry.
2)It is true he is young, but / and yet he is really good at go.
→It is true ... but... = It is true...and yet ...
=Indeed ... but =Indeed... and yet（的确……， 然而……）
（3）and表因果关系
1)The teacher came, and the class began.
2)Tom is very tired, and really he should go to bed.
2. 补述手段与情感表现
补述分并列补述以及后位补述两种：并列补述常用并列连词and，后位补述常用分词短语作状语，which引出非限定性定语从句，以及由[with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语]等。补述常用于事实表述后的情感感受或事实细节补充的场合, 一般会收到好的效果。
（1）并列补述
1) Around four o' clock, we said goodbye to one another, [and felt very
happy on the way home.]
2) Li Ming and I took part in a wilderness survival program yesterday,
[and it has been one of the most unforgettable experiences since high
school.]
3) He caught a cold last Monday, [and has been in bed since then.]
（2）后位补述--分词短语作状语
1) My train starts at six, [arriving there at four p.m.]
2) He came to see me, [bringing his brother with him.]
3) She went out, [singing a song.]
（3）后位补述--非限定性定语从句
1) It was quite an experience for us both, [which I'll never forget
for the rest of my life.]
2) At 8 o'clock in the morning, we arrived at the 7l2 bus station, [where we were warmly welcomed by the drivers and conductors.]
3) Staff members of the bus station and our classmates then took part
in a general knowledge quiz on the Olympic Games in the afternoon, [which
was great fun for both sides.]
3. 英语逗号出现的场合、时机与提升英语作文品质
英语逗号功能较多，用法灵活。凡逗号出现的场合和时机多体现出英语的使用习惯或固定的表达方式，值得重视。逗号的主要用法如下，并按书面表达得分的重要性排序：
（1）插入语前后须用逗号隔开
He is, I should think, above fifty. 他看上去不止五十岁。
（2）分词短语做状语要用逗号隔开
Having prepared tomorrow's lessons, I went to bed.我预习好了明天的功课，便上床睡觉。
（3）追叙的形容词从句要用逗号隔开
I met a boy, who gave me the letter. 我遇见一个男孩，他给我这封信。
（4）用于同位名词之前，某个词与两个以上的词具有共同的关系。
The Thames flows through London, the capital of England. 泰晤士河穿过英国的首都伦敦。
名词：I showed it to Frank, James, and Mary. 我拿给法兰克、詹姆士、玛丽看。
动词：She dances, sings(,) and rides. 她又跳舞、又唱歌、又骑马。
形容词：She was kind, honest(,) and beautiful.她人又好，又老实，长得又美。
副词：We should live seriously, prudently(,) and industriously. 我们生活要认真、谨慎、勤奋。
短语：By night or day, at home or abroad, asleep or awake, he is a constant
source of anxiety to his mother. 不论夜晚或白天，在家或出外，睡觉或醒着，他老让母亲担心。
从句： I don't know who he is, where he goes, or what he is doing. 我不晓得他是谁，去那儿，在做什么。
（5）副词短语放在句首，大多用逗号隔开
In many parts of Europe, these customs prevail. 欧洲很多地方都有这种习俗。
（6）并列句和逗号
1) 并列句中各句的主语不同，即各句独立的话，要用逗号。
He received a prize, and I was praised. 他获奖, 而我获表扬。
2) 主语若相同, 用and连结时，不用逗号；用but连结时，要用逗号。
He went and came back at once. 他去了又马上回来。
He went, but came back at once. 他去了，但一下子又回来了。
3) and, or之前的命令句要用逗号隔开。
Hurry up, and you will be in time. 快点, 你才来得及。
Hurry up, or you will miss the train. 快点, 否则你会错过火车。
（7） 句首的副词从句用逗号隔开。
If it rains tomorrow, I will not go. 明天下雨的话，我就不去了。
When they met, they used to nod to each other. 他们见面时，会互相点头。
（8） 副词从句附加的语意强时，用逗号。
He is loved by all, because he is honest. 他人很诚恳，受到大家的爱戴。
He works hard, so that he may pass.他很用功，想必能考及格。
（9）独立主格结构要用逗号隔开
Two days having passed, we again set forward. 两天过了以后，我们再度出发。
Night coming on, we started for home. 夜幕低垂，我们动身回家。
（10）两个以上的动词或介词共有一个宾语时
I can neither approve of, nor imitate, this example.这种例子我既不赞成也不模仿。
I won't even speak to, or look at, the man again.我甚至不会再跟那个人说话，连看他一眼都不会。
重要提示：汉语中的逗号与在英语中的作用并非一致
英语中句与句之间的联系绝不依靠逗号，而是借助连接词。缺少连接词，句与句之间也就不存在其合理性。
① 老师问了我一个问题，我不会回答。
Wrong: The teacher asked me a question, I couldn't answer it.
Right: The teacher asked me a question, and/but I couldn't answer it.
② 我没出去，而是呆在家里看书。
I didn't go out; instead, I stayed home and read.
③ 我们捡柴火， 他们搭帐篷。
We gathered the wood and they set up the tent.