word

usage

Pierce
v. 刺穿;刺破
用法举例:
1) 及物动词 The pin pierced his skin. 针刺穿了他的皮肤。
2) 不及物动词 The sword did not pierce very deeply. 这剑刺得不很深。
License
n. (=licence)
执照;许可证
用法举例:
We are applying for a license to sell wine. 我们正申请执照卖酒。
词性扩展:
及物动词 许可,准许;发许可证给
The restaurant is not licensed for selling spirits. 这家饭店没有卖烈酒的许可证。
Silly
adj. 愚蠢的;傻的
用法举例:
It was silly of me to say such a thing. 我说这话真傻。
It is silly of you to trust him. 你居然相信他,真傻。
Don't be silly. 别犯傻。
Concentrate
v. 集中;聚集
用法举例:
1) 及物动词
We must concentrate our attention on efficiency. 我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。
Our population is concentrated in the big cities. 我国人口集中在大城市里。
2) 不及物动词
当concentrate为不及物动词时一般与介词on搭配,如
We concentrated on the task before us. 我们专注于眼前的任务
She couldn't concentrate on a book very long. 她不能长时间专心读一本书。
Study
n. 学习;研究
用法举例:
The plan is under study. 那个计划正在研究中。
He has made great progress in his English studies. 他在学习英文方面进步很多。
词义扩展:
1. 动词 学习;研究
1) 及物动词
For a year he studied Chinese with me. 他跟我学了一年中文。
2) 不及物动词
My daughter often studies late into the night. 我女儿常常读书到深夜。
2. 名词 书房(可数名词)
Mr. Smith is reading in his study. 史密斯先生在书房内看书。
Design
v. 设计;构思
用法举例:
1)及物动词
He designed a farewell party. 他筹划了一次欢送会。
Architects design buildings. 建筑师设计房屋。
2)不及物动词
He designs for our dress department. 他在我们的服装部当设计师。
词性扩展:
名词 设计,方案;图案,图样
Her dress has a beautiful design of flowers. 她的衣服上有美丽的鲜花图案。
词语辨析:
design,plan与project这三个词都可以表示“计划”。
design指详细的最终确动下来的计划方案;
plan是普通用词,多指有组织有步骤的计划方案;
project不如前两者具体,往往指在制定具体方案之前先决定了要达到的目的。
Present
n. 现在
用法举例:
We learn from the past, experience the present, and hope for success in the future.
我们从过去中学习,体验现在和展望未来成功。
There is no time like the present. 机不可失,时不再来。
习惯用法:
1) at present目前;现在
We are very busy at present. 我们眼下很忙。
2) for the present 眼前;暂时
Let's leave things as they are for the present, even though we may have to change later on.
让我们暂时保持现状,虽然以后可能要改变它。
词义扩展:
1)名词 礼物,赠品
He often gave his neighbor's kids little presents. 他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。
2)动词 赠送,呈献;提出,提交
Opportunity
n. 机会;时机
用法举例:
There may be an opportunity for you to see the chairman of the board tomorrow.
明天你也许有机会见到董事长。
Soon he had an opportunity of explaining that to her.
不久他便有了向她解释那件事的机会。
词语辨析:
opportunity与chance两者都表示“时机,机会”
1)表示借机会做某某事时只能用opportunity,不可用后者。此外,
2)chance可表示“偶然性或可能性”,此时不可用opportunity代替。
Volunteer
v. 自愿;自愿服务
n. 自愿者
用法举例:
1. 动词
1)及物动词
They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady.
他们主动提出替老太太修缮房子。
2)不及物动词 经常与介词for连用
He volunteered for the war. 他志愿参加这次战斗。
2. 名词
Mother works on Tuesdays as a volunteer at the hospital.
母亲每星期二自愿在医院工作。
Local
adj. 地方的;当地的
用法举例:
We have a local newspaper in our city. 我市有一份地方报纸。
He works at the local post office. 他在本地的邮局工作。
Mess
n. 混乱;杂乱;肮脏
用法举例:
Her hair was in a terrible mess. 她的头发乱极了。
Would you please clean up the mess? 请你把这些肮脏的东西清理掉好吗?
Sleepy
adj. 困倦的;不活跃的
用法举例:
I felt sleepless after my long walk. 走了一段长路后我感到困倦了。
She suddenly started to feel very sleepy. 她突然感到非常困倦。
关联记忆:
1)sleep 名词 睡眠
Sleep is necessary for one's health. 睡眠对健康是必不可少的。
2)asleep睡着了的;睡熟了的
Could you go and check if the baby is asleep? 你去看看孩子睡了没有好吗?
3)sleepless 失眠的;不眠的
pass a sleepless night 度过失眠的一夜
词语辨析:
asleep, sleepy与sleeping这三个词近义,容易混淆。
asleep着重指睡眠的状态,仅作表语。sleeping则侧重睡眠的动作,兼作表语和定语。sleepy则表示“瞌睡的,想睡觉的”。
Reply
v. 回答;答复
用法举例:
1)不及物动词
He has not yet replied to my question.
他还没有回答我的问题。
2)及物动词
She replied that she was happy to accept our invitation.
她回复说她很高兴接受我们的邀请。
I did not know what to reply.
我不知道怎么回答好。
词性扩展:
名词 回答;答复
The editor received hundreds of replies to each question.
对每个问题,这个编辑都收到了几百个回答。
Obey
v. 服从;顺从
用法举例:
1)及物动词
Obey your boss or you will be fired. 服从你的上司,否则你会被解雇。
2)不及物动词
The child obeyed and went to bed. 孩子听话睡觉去了。
Achieve
v. 完成;实现
用法举例:
You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.
你若总是这样消磨时间,就永远不会有所成就。
The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen.
那位演员十九岁时就成名了。
关联记忆:
achievement 名词 成就,功绩
the greatest scientific achievement of the decade 这十年的最伟大的科学成就
Realistic
adj. 现实的;注重实际的
用法举例:
It is a realistic novel. 那是一部现实主义的小说。
关联记忆:
1)real形容词 真的;真实的
The play was based on real life. 那部戏剧是根据现实生活写成的。
2)reality 名词 真实;现实
It is not imagination, but reality. 这不是想象,而是现实。
3)really 副词 真正地;事实上
Did she really say that? 她真的那么说了?
Succeed
v. 成功;达到;完成
用法举例:
当succeed 作此“成功;达到;完成”解时为不及物动词
He succeeded in getting the job. 他谋得了那份工作。
Our plan has succeeded. 我们的计划成功了。
关联记忆:
success 名词 成功;达到;完成
They have achieved great success in their work. 他们在工作方面成绩显著。
相关谚语:
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
Point
n. 要点
用法举例:
He missed the whole point of my speech. 他完全没抓住我讲话的要点。
词义扩展:
1)名词 尖,尖端
Do you have a pencil with a sharper point? 你有尖一点的铅笔吗?
词性扩展:
2)动词 把……指向;指出(及物动词或不及物动词)
It's rude to point your fingers at people. 用手指指人是很不礼貌的。
He pointed at the book he wanted. 他指着他要的那一本书。